TODAY IN HISTORY, SEPTEMBER 25TH

de bene esse: literally, of well-being, morally acceptable but subject to future validation or exception

A few of the great historical events that happened today in history, September 25th!

1396	The last great Christian crusade, led jointly by John the Fearless of Nevers and King Sigismund of Hungary, ends in disaster at the hands of Sultan Bajazet I’s Ottoman army at Nicopolis.
1493	Christopher Columbus set sail from Cadiz, Spain, with a flotilla of 17 ships on his second voyage to the Western Hemisphere.
1513	Spanish explorer Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama to reach the Pacific Ocean.
1598	In Sweden, King Sigismund is defeated at Stangebro by his Uncle Charles. King Sigismund
1775	British troops capture Ethan Allen, the hero of Ticonderoga, when he and a handful of Americans try to invade Canada.
1789	The first United States Congress adopted 12 amendments to the Constitution and sent them to the states for ratification. (Ten of the amendments became the Bill of Rights.)
1804	The 12th Amendment is ratified, changing the procedure of choosing the president and vice-president.
1846	American General Zachary Taylor’s forces capture Monterey, Mexico.
1890	Mormon president Wilford Woodruff issued a manifesto formally renouncing the practice of polygamy. Wilford Woodruff
1909	The first National Aeronautic Show opens at Madison Square Garden.
1915	An allied offensive is launched in France against the German Army.
1918	Brazil declares war on Austria.
1919	President Woodrow Wilson collapsed after a speech in Pueblo, Colo., during a tour in support of the Treaty of Versailles.
1937	German Chancellor Adolf Hitler meets with Italian Premier Benito Mussolini in Munich.
1938	President Franklin Roosevelt urges negotiations between Hitler and Czech President Benes over the Sudetenland.
1942	The War Labor Board orders equal pay for women in the United States.
1943	The Red Army retakes Smolensk from the Germans who are retreating to the Dnieper River in the Soviet Union.
1956	The first trans-Atlantic telephone cable went into service.
1959	President Eisenhower and Soviet Premier Khrushchev begin Camp David talks.
1974	Scientists warn that continued use of aerosol sprays will cause ozone depletion, which will lead to an increased risk of skin cancer and global weather changes.
1981	Sandra Day O’Connor was sworn in as the first female justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. Sandra Day O’Connor
1983	Maze Prison escape, County Antrim, Northern Ireland; 38 IRA prisoners escape in the largest prison breakout in British history; known among Irish republicans as the Great Escape.
1992	NASA launches Mars Observer probe; it failed 11 months later.
1996	Ireland’s last Magdalene laundry closes; begun as asylums to rehabilitate “fallen women,” they increasingly took on prison-like qualities.