America
got a little bit smaller on the night of February 8, 1924. Or at least
it felt that way. From a banquet hall at the Congress Hotel in Chicago
one man could be heard simultaneously in New York, Jacksonville, Denver,
San Francisco, and even Havana, Cuba (which was no longer technically
controlled by the U.S. but was certainly a playground for American
corporations at the time). This was the first coast-to-coast radio
broadcast and it was accomplished less than a decade after the first
coast-to-coast telephone call was placed in 1915. The future of
broadcasting had arrived.
General John J. Carty,
a vice president at Bell Telephone Company, spoke from Chicago,
addressing by name the various telephone managers in each city where he
was being heard. Only about 10% of Americans had a radio set in 1924,
but "millions" of others also heard the broadcast, all tuning in with
the new radio sets which were quickly becoming quite a coveted new piece
of tech for American homes.
Expand
The April 1924 issue of Science and Invention
magazine included this map of the momentous occasion, showing the
various wired connections between cities that were necessary to
broadcast the message across great distances. The magazine gave readers
an idea of the scope of the project, telling of hardships and explaining
that the cables were reaching a mile below sea level in the southeast,
and a mile above sea level in the Rocky Mountains.
At a point near Winnemucca, Nevada, a severe blizzard was raging. Scores of men were at work keeping the lines in repair so that communication could be carried on without interruption. At one point of the line near Key West, the submarine cable was one mile below sea level, while near Denver it was a mile above sea level.
The
illustrations of people saying "Hello! Frisco!" is in reference to the
first coast-to-coast telephone call made between an aging Alexander
Graham Bell and his former assistant Thomas Watson on January 15, 1915
during the Panama-Pacific International Exposition. Their call, from Bell in New York to Watson in San Francisco, would inspire the title of the 1943 film Hello, Frisco, Hello which is set at the 1915 Exposition.
Somewhat
strangely, in all the accounts I've read of that 1915 phone call, Bell
never actually said "hello Frisco." But given the tremendous distaste
so many people from San Francisco have for the term Frisco, I suppose
it's for the best. At least they didn't say "hello San Fran."
Images: scanned from the April 1924 issue of Science and Invention magazine
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